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Sunday, October 14, 2012

KöMaL (Metresis) 1894, Problem 1

Problem: 
Find all the two digit numbers \overline{ab} such that \overline{ababab}+1 is a perfect cube.

Solution:
Let x=\overline{ab} be the two digit number. Then, 101010x+1=n^3, for some positive integer n. Clearly, 10^6 \leq n^3 < 10^7, i.e. 100 \leq n \leq 215. Moreover,
101010x=n^3-1. Since 101010=30\cdot3367, it's easy to see that n^3-1 \equiv 0 \pmod{30} if and only if n \equiv 1 \pmod{30}, i.e. n-1 is divisible by 30. So n \in \{121,151,181,211\} and an easy check shows that only n=211 works. In this case, x=93.

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